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- bbbbssssttttrrrreeeeaaaammmm((((1111)))) bbbbssssttttrrrreeeeaaaammmm((((1111))))
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- NNNNAAAAMMMMEEEE
- bstream - many buffered filter
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- SSSSYYYYNNNNOOOOPPPPSSSSIIIISSSS
- bbbbssssttttrrrreeeeaaaammmm [----nnnn bufs] [----bbbb size] [----llllttttrrrrvvvvdddd] [----ssss count] [----iiii file] [----oooo file]
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- DDDDEEEESSSSCCCCRRRRIIIIPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNN
- This command is a filter which buffers input from the input file and
- writes it to the output file. The command is especially useful for
- reading from or writing to streaming tape drives, where bstream can be
- used as a speed matching program to keep the tape streaming as much as
- possible.
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- If input or output files are not specified, then _b_s_t_r_e_a_m simply copies
- the standard input to the standard output through multiple buffers. A
- tape can be written to or read from in this manner, but _b_s_t_r_e_a_m will not
- be able to handle multiple tape copies. If multiple tapes are involved,
- explicitly specifying the tape device via the ----iiii or ----oooo options will
- enable _b_s_t_r_e_a_m to recover from end of medium indications and request a
- new tape.
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- OOOOPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS
- The following options are supported:
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- ----bbbb _s_i_z_e specifies the size (in 1024-byte units) of buffer to use. The
- default size is 64K bytes, however any size up to the maximum
- allowable shared memory segment size for the system is allowed.
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- ----nnnn _c_n_t Sets the number of buffers to use. More than two buffers can
- improve performance and make the tape more likely to stream. A
- minimum of two and a maximum of six is enforced. The default
- value is set to four.
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- ----llll Attempt to lock the shared memory buffers into physical memory.
- This will not be possible unless the command is run by the
- superuser.
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- ----tttt Attempt to lock program image and stack in physical memory.
- This will not be possible unless the command is run by the
- super user. The nice value of the _b_s_t_r_e_a_m process is also
- decreased, increasing its scheduling priority.
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- ----rrrr Report a summary of the byte throughput achieved by _b_s_t_r_e_a_m for
- the entire transfer as well as for each individual tape if
- multiple tapes are involved.
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- ----vvvv Reports each i/o that is done (very verbose).
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- ----dddd Reports very verbose debugging information.
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- PPPPaaaaggggeeee 1111
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- bbbbssssttttrrrreeeeaaaammmm((((1111)))) bbbbssssttttrrrreeeeaaaammmm((((1111))))
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- ----ssss _c_o_u_n_t Report a summary of the byte throughput achieved by _b_s_t_r_e_a_m
- every _c_o_u_n_t buffers, for both input and output.
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- ----iiii _f_i_l_e Specify the input file as an explicit filename, allowing
- recovery from end-of-medium conditions on tapes. The user will
- be prompted for a new tape.
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- ----oooo _f_i_l_e Specify the output file as an explicit filename, allowing
- recovery from end-of-medium conditions on tapes. The user will
- be prompted for a new tape.
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- To copy a filesystem onto multiple tapes:
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- ttttaaaarrrr ccccffff ---- **** |||| bbbbssssttttrrrreeeeaaaammmm ----oooo////ddddeeeevvvv////ttttaaaappppeeee
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- Recovering an image from tape is just as easy:
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- bbbbssssttttrrrreeeeaaaammmm ----iiii////ddddeeeevvvv////ttttaaaappppeeee |||| ttttaaaarrrr xxxxffff ----
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- There is a subtle issue involving tapes that should be understood when
- using _b_s_t_r_e_a_m with a tape device. Usually, a tape device requires that
- the tape be written in even multiples of the block size. When _b_s_t_r_e_a_m is
- used as a streaming filter (see the above examples) this is not a
- problem, since both _t_a_r(_1) and _c_p_i_o(_1) block the output on natural tape
- boundaries. To protect the user, _b_s_t_r_e_a_m will round the final write to
- tape up to the nearest tape blocksize boundary, fill the residual of the
- last block with zeros, and print a warning message if rounding up was
- needed. _b_s_t_r_e_a_m should always be used with a formatter program such as
- _t_a_r or _c_p_i_o when writing to a tape device, since rounding up and filling
- may have unpredictable effects on programs expecting a simple byte
- stream. No rounding or filling is done when output is not directed to a
- tape device.
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- NNNNOOOOTTTTEEEESSSS
- _b_s_t_r_e_a_m runs only on Silicon Graphics 4D series workstations. On an
- unloaded 4D60, _b_s_t_r_e_a_m can stream the tape 70 to 80% of the time,
- achieving byte transfer rates around 70K bytes per second.
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- PPPPaaaaggggeeee 2222
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